國務院(yuan)辦(ban)公廳關于促(cu)進(jin)建筑業持續健康發(fa)展的意見

 

國辦(ban)發〔2017〕19號

 

各(ge)(ge)省、自治區、直轄(xia)市人民政府(fu)，國(guo)務(wu)院各(ge)(ge)部委、各(ge)(ge)直屬機(ji)構：

 

  建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)是國(guo)(guo)民經濟的支柱產業(ye)(ye)。改革開放以來(lai)，我國(guo)(guo)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)快(kuai)速發展，建(jian)造能力不(bu)斷(duan)增強，產業(ye)(ye)規(gui)(gui)模不(bu)斷(duan)擴大，吸納了大量農(nong)村轉移(yi)勞動力，帶動了大量關聯產業(ye)(ye)，對經濟社(she)會發展、城(cheng)鄉建(jian)設(she)和民生改善作出(chu)了重要貢獻。但也要看到，建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)仍然大而不(bu)強，監管體制機制不(bu)健全、工程建(jian)設(she)組織方式(shi)落(luo)后、建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)設(she)計水平有(you)待提(ti)高、質量安全事故(gu)時有(you)發生、市場違法違規(gui)(gui)行為(wei)較多、企(qi)業(ye)(ye)核(he)心(xin)競爭力不(bu)強、工人(ren)技能素質偏低等問題較為(wei)突出(chu)。為(wei)貫(guan)徹(che)落(luo)實(shi)《中(zhong)共中(zhong)央國(guo)(guo)務院(yuan)關于進(jin)(jin)一(yi)步(bu)加強城(cheng)市規(gui)(gui)劃建(jian)設(she)管理工作的若(ruo)干意(yi)見》，進(jin)(jin)一(yi)步(bu)深化建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)“放管服”改革，加快(kuai)產業(ye)(ye)升(sheng)級，促進(jin)(jin)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)持續健康發展，為(wei)新型城(cheng)鎮化提(ti)供(gong)支撐，經國(guo)(guo)務院(yuan)同意(yi)，現(xian)提(ti)出(chu)以下意(yi)見：

  一、總體要求 

 全面貫徹(che)黨的(de)十八大和(he)十八屆二中(zhong)、三中(zhong)、四中(zhong)、五(wu)中(zhong)、六中(zhong)全會以(yi)(yi)及中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)經濟(ji)工(gong)作(zuo)會議、中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)城鎮化(hua)(hua)工(gong)作(zuo)會議、中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)城市工(gong)作(zuo)會議精(jing)神，深(shen)入(ru)貫徹(che)習近平(ping)總書(shu)記系列重要講話(hua)精(jing)神和(he)治國(guo)(guo)理政新(xin)理念(nian)新(xin)思想新(xin)戰(zhan)略，認(ren)真(zhen)落實黨中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)、國(guo)(guo)務院決(jue)策(ce)部署，統籌推(tui)進“五(wu)位一體(ti)(ti)”總體(ti)(ti)布(bu)局(ju)和(he)協調推(tui)進“四個全面”戰(zhan)略布(bu)局(ju)，牢固樹立和(he)貫徹(che)落實創(chuang)新(xin)、協調、綠色(se)、開放(fang)、共享的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)理念(nian)，堅持(chi)以(yi)(yi)推(tui)進供給側結構性改革為主線，按照適用、經濟(ji)、安全、綠色(se)、美(mei)觀的(de)要求，深(shen)化(hua)(hua)建筑(zhu)業“放(fang)管服”改革，完善監(jian)管體(ti)(ti)制機制，優化(hua)(hua)市場環(huan)境，提升工(gong)程(cheng)質(zhi)量(liang)安全水平(ping)，強(qiang)化(hua)(hua)隊伍建設，增強(qiang)企(qi)業核心(xin)競爭(zheng)力(li)，促(cu)進建筑(zhu)業持(chi)續(xu)健(jian)康發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)，打(da)造“中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)建造”品牌。

  二、深化建筑業簡政放權改革 

（一(yi)）優化(hua)資質(zhi)資格(ge)管理。進一(yi)步簡化(hua)工程建(jian)設(she)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)資質(zhi)類別和等級設(she)置，減少不必要的資質(zhi)認定。選擇部分地區(qu)開展(zhan)試點，對信用良好、具有相關專業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)技術能(neng)(neng)力(li)、能(neng)(neng)夠提供(gong)足額擔(dan)保的企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，在(zai)其資質(zhi)類別內放(fang)寬承攬業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)(wu)范圍(wei)限制，同時，加(jia)快完善信用體系、工程擔(dan)保及個(ge)人執(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)資格(ge)等相關配套制度，加(jia)強事中事后監(jian)管。強化(hua)個(ge)人執(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)資格(ge)管理，明晰注冊執(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)人員的權(quan)利、義務(wu)(wu)和責(ze)任(ren)，加(jia)大執(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)責(ze)任(ren)追(zhui)究力(li)度。有序發展(zhan)個(ge)人執(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)事務(wu)(wu)所，推(tui)動建(jian)立個(ge)人執(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)保險制度。大力(li)推(tui)行“互聯網(wang)+政務(wu)(wu)服務(wu)(wu)”，實行“一(yi)站式”網(wang)上審(shen)批，進一(yi)步提高建(jian)筑(zhu)領域行政審(shen)批效率。

（二）完(wan)善招(zhao)(zhao)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)投(tou)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)制(zhi)度。加快修訂(ding)《工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)招(zhao)(zhao)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)范圍和規(gui)模(mo)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準規(gui)定(ding)》，縮小并(bing)嚴(yan)格界定(ding)必須進(jin)行(xing)招(zhao)(zhao)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)范圍，放寬(kuan)有關(guan)規(gui)模(mo)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準，防止工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)實(shi)行(xing)招(zhao)(zhao)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)“一刀切”。在民間投(tou)資的(de)(de)房屋(wu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)，探索由建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)單位自主決(jue)定(ding)發(fa)包方(fang)式。將依法必須招(zhao)(zhao)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)納入統一的(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)(gong)共資源(yuan)交易平(ping)臺，遵循公(gong)(gong)(gong)平(ping)、公(gong)(gong)(gong)正、公(gong)(gong)(gong)開和誠信的(de)(de)原則(ze)，規(gui)范招(zhao)(zhao)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)投(tou)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)行(xing)為。進(jin)一步簡化(hua)招(zhao)(zhao)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)投(tou)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)序，盡快實(shi)現(xian)招(zhao)(zhao)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)投(tou)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)交易全過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)電(dian)子化(hua)，推行(xing)網(wang)上異地評標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)。對(dui)依法通過競爭性談(tan)判或(huo)單一來源(yuan)方(fang)式確(que)定(ding)供應商的(de)(de)政府(fu)采(cai)購(gou)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)，符(fu)合(he)相應條(tiao)件的(de)(de)應當頒(ban)發(fa)施(shi)工(gong)許可(ke)證(zheng)。

  三、完善工程建設組織模式 

（三）加快推(tui)行(xing)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)總(zong)承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)。裝配式(shi)(shi)建筑原則上應(ying)采用工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)總(zong)承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)。政府投資工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)應(ying)完善建設管理模(mo)式(shi)(shi)，帶頭推(tui)行(xing)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)總(zong)承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)。加快完善工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)總(zong)承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)相關的(de)(de)招(zhao)標投標、施工(gong)(gong)(gong)許可、竣(jun)工(gong)(gong)(gong)驗(yan)收等制(zhi)度(du)規(gui)定(ding)。按(an)照總(zong)承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)負總(zong)責的(de)(de)原則，落(luo)實工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)總(zong)承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)單(dan)(dan)位在工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)量安全(quan)、進度(du)控制(zhi)、成(cheng)本管理等方(fang)面的(de)(de)責任。除以(yi)暫(zan)估價形式(shi)(shi)包(bao)(bao)(bao)括在工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)總(zong)承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)范(fan)圍內且依法必須進行(xing)招(zhao)標的(de)(de)項目外，工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)總(zong)承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)單(dan)(dan)位可以(yi)直接(jie)發包(bao)(bao)(bao)總(zong)承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)合同中涵蓋的(de)(de)其他專(zhuan)業(ye)業(ye)務。

（四）培育全(quan)(quan)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)咨(zi)詢(xun)(xun)。鼓(gu)勵投(tou)資(zi)咨(zi)詢(xun)(xun)、勘察、設計、監(jian)理、招標代理、造(zao)價等(deng)企業采取(qu)聯合(he)經營、并購重組等(deng)方式發展全(quan)(quan)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)咨(zi)詢(xun)(xun)，培育一批具有國際水平的全(quan)(quan)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)咨(zi)詢(xun)(xun)企業。制定全(quan)(quan)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)咨(zi)詢(xun)(xun)服務技術標準和合(he)同范本。政府(fu)投(tou)資(zi)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)應帶頭推行全(quan)(quan)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)咨(zi)詢(xun)(xun)，鼓(gu)勵非政府(fu)投(tou)資(zi)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)委(wei)托全(quan)(quan)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)咨(zi)詢(xun)(xun)服務。在(zai)民用建筑項目(mu)中，充分發揮建筑師(shi)的主(zhu)導作用，鼓(gu)勵提(ti)供全(quan)(quan)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)咨(zi)詢(xun)(xun)服務。

  四、加強工程質量安全管理 

（五）嚴格(ge)落實(shi)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)責(ze)任(ren)。全面落實(shi)各方主體的(de)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)責(ze)任(ren)，特(te)別要強化建設(she)單(dan)位(wei)(wei)的(de)首要責(ze)任(ren)和勘察、設(she)計、施工(gong)單(dan)位(wei)(wei)的(de)主體責(ze)任(ren)。嚴格(ge)執行工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)終(zhong)身(shen)責(ze)任(ren)制，在建筑物明顯(xian)部位(wei)(wei)設(she)置永久(jiu)性標牌(pai)，公(gong)示質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)責(ze)任(ren)主體和主要責(ze)任(ren)人(ren)。對違反有(you)關規定、造成工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)事(shi)故的(de)，依(yi)(yi)法給(gei)予責(ze)任(ren)單(dan)位(wei)(wei)停業(ye)整頓、降低資質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等級、吊銷(xiao)資質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)證書等行政處(chu)(chu)罰并通過國家(jia)企業(ye)信用信息(xi)公(gong)示系統予以公(gong)示，給(gei)予注冊執業(ye)人(ren)員(yuan)暫停執業(ye)、吊銷(xiao)資格(ge)證書、一定時間直至終(zhong)身(shen)不得進入行業(ye)等處(chu)(chu)罰。對發(fa)生工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)事(shi)故造成損(sun)失的(de)，要依(yi)(yi)法追究經濟賠(pei)償責(ze)任(ren)，情節(jie)嚴重(zhong)的(de)要追究有(you)關單(dan)位(wei)(wei)和人(ren)員(yuan)的(de)法律責(ze)任(ren)。參與房地產開(kai)發(fa)的(de)建筑業(ye)企業(ye)應(ying)依(yi)(yi)法合規經營，提高(gao)住(zhu)宅品質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。

（六）加(jia)強(qiang)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產管理(li)(li)。全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)面落(luo)實安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產責任，加(jia)強(qiang)施工現場安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)防護，特(te)別要強(qiang)化(hua)對深(shen)基坑、高(gao)支模、起(qi)重機(ji)械等危險性(xing)較(jiao)大的(de)分(fen)部分(fen)項(xiang)工程(cheng)的(de)管理(li)(li)，以(yi)及(ji)(ji)對不良地(di)質地(di)區重大工程(cheng)項(xiang)目的(de)風險評(ping)估或論(lun)證。推進信息技術與安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產深(shen)度(du)融合，加(jia)快建(jian)設建(jian)筑施工安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)監管信息系統，通過(guo)信息化(hua)手段加(jia)強(qiang)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產管理(li)(li)。建(jian)立健全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)覆蓋、多層次(ci)、經常性(xing)的(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產培訓(xun)制(zhi)度(du)，提升(sheng)從(cong)業人員(yuan)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)素(su)質以(yi)及(ji)(ji)各(ge)方主體的(de)本質安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)水平。

（七）全(quan)(quan)面提高(gao)監管(guan)(guan)水平。完(wan)善工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)法(fa)律(lv)法(fa)規和管(guan)(guan)理(li)制(zhi)度(du)(du)，健(jian)(jian)全(quan)(quan)企業負責(ze)、政府監管(guan)(guan)、社會監督(du)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)體系(xi)。強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)政府對(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)監管(guan)(guan)，明(ming)確監管(guan)(guan)范圍，落實(shi)監管(guan)(guan)責(ze)任，加大抽查(cha)抽測力度(du)(du)，重點(dian)加強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)對(dui)涉及公(gong)共安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)地基基礎、主體結構(gou)等部位和竣工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)驗收(shou)等環(huan)節的(de)(de)監督(du)檢查(cha)。加強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)監督(du)隊伍建設(she)，監督(du)機(ji)構(gou)履行職能所需經費由同級財政預算全(quan)(quan)額保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)。政府可采取購買服務的(de)(de)方式(shi)，委托具備條件的(de)(de)社會力量(liang)(liang)進行工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)監督(du)檢查(cha)。推進工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)標準化(hua)管(guan)(guan)理(li)，督(du)促各方主體健(jian)(jian)全(quan)(quan)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)管(guan)(guan)控機(ji)制(zhi)。強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)對(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)監理(li)的(de)(de)監管(guan)(guan)，選擇部分地區開展監理(li)單位向政府報(bao)告質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)監理(li)情況的(de)(de)試點(dian)。加強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)檢測機(ji)構(gou)管(guan)(guan)理(li)，嚴厲打擊出具虛假報(bao)告等行為。推動發(fa)展工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)保(bao)(bao)險。

  五、優化建筑市場環境 

（八）建立(li)統一開放市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)。打(da)破區域市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)準入壁壘，取消各地區、各行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)在(zai)法律(lv)、行(xing)政(zheng)法規(gui)和國(guo)務(wu)院(yuan)規(gui)定(ding)外對建筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)設(she)置(zhi)的不(bu)合理(li)準入條(tiao)件；嚴(yan)禁擅自設(she)立(li)或變相設(she)立(li)審批、備案事項，為(wei)建筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)提供公平市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)環(huan)境。完善全(quan)國(guo)建筑(zhu)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)監(jian)管(guan)公共(gong)服務(wu)平臺，加(jia)快實(shi)現與全(quan)國(guo)信(xin)用(yong)信(xin)息共(gong)享平臺和國(guo)家(jia)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)信(xin)用(yong)信(xin)息公示系統的數(shu)據共(gong)享交換(huan)。建立(li)建筑(zhu)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)主體黑名單制度，依(yi)法依(yi)規(gui)全(quan)面公開企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和個人信(xin)用(yong)記錄，接受社會監(jian)督。

（九）加強承包履(lv)約(yue)管理。引導(dao)承包企業(ye)以銀行保(bao)(bao)函或擔(dan)保(bao)(bao)公司保(bao)(bao)函的形式，向建設單位(wei)提供履(lv)約(yue)擔(dan)保(bao)(bao)。對采用常規(gui)通用技術標準的政府投資(zi)工(gong)程(cheng)，在原則上(shang)實行最低價(jia)(jia)中標的同時，有(you)效發揮履(lv)約(yue)擔(dan)保(bao)(bao)的作用，防止惡意低價(jia)(jia)中標，確保(bao)(bao)工(gong)程(cheng)投資(zi)不超預算(suan)。嚴厲查(cha)處轉包和(he)違法分包等行為。完善工(gong)程(cheng)量清(qing)單計(ji)價(jia)(jia)體系和(he)工(gong)程(cheng)造價(jia)(jia)信息(xi)發布(bu)機制(zhi)，形成統一的工(gong)程(cheng)造價(jia)(jia)計(ji)價(jia)(jia)規(gui)則，合理確定和(he)有(you)效控制(zhi)工(gong)程(cheng)造價(jia)(jia)。

（十(shi)）規(gui)范工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)價款(kuan)結(jie)(jie)算。審(shen)計機關應依法(fa)加(jia)強(qiang)對以(yi)政府(fu)投資為(wei)主的(de)(de)公共工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)建(jian)設(she)項目的(de)(de)審(shen)計監(jian)督，建(jian)設(she)單位不(bu)得(de)將未(wei)完(wan)成審(shen)計作為(wei)延期(qi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)結(jie)(jie)算、拖(tuo)欠(qian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)款(kuan)的(de)(de)理由。未(wei)完(wan)成竣工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)結(jie)(jie)算的(de)(de)項目，有關部門不(bu)予辦理產權登(deng)記。對長期(qi)拖(tuo)欠(qian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)款(kuan)的(de)(de)單位不(bu)得(de)批準新項目開工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。嚴格執行(xing)(xing)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)預付款(kuan)制(zhi)度，及時按合(he)同約(yue)定足額向(xiang)承包單位支付預付款(kuan)。通過工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)款(kuan)支付擔(dan)保等(deng)經(jing)濟、法(fa)律手段約(yue)束建(jian)設(she)單位履約(yue)行(xing)(xing)為(wei)，預防拖(tuo)欠(qian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)款(kuan)。

  六、提高從業人員素質 

（十一）加(jia)快培(pei)(pei)養(yang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)人(ren)才(cai)。積極培(pei)(pei)育既有國際視野又有民族自(zi)信(xin)的建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)師隊(dui)伍(wu)。加(jia)快培(pei)(pei)養(yang)熟悉(xi)國際規則的建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)高(gao)(gao)級管理人(ren)才(cai)。大力(li)推(tui)進(jin)校(xiao)企合作(zuo)，培(pei)(pei)養(yang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)專業(ye)(ye)人(ren)才(cai)。加(jia)強工(gong)程現(xian)場管理人(ren)員和建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)人(ren)的教(jiao)育培(pei)(pei)訓。健(jian)全建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)職(zhi)業(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)標準體系，全面實施(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)工(gong)人(ren)職(zhi)業(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)鑒定(ding)制度。發展(zhan)一批建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)人(ren)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)鑒定(ding)機構，開展(zhan)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)人(ren)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)評價工(gong)作(zuo)。通過(guo)制定(ding)施(shi)工(gong)現(xian)場技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)工(gong)人(ren)基本(ben)配備標準、發布各個(ge)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)等(deng)(deng)級和工(gong)種的人(ren)工(gong)成本(ben)信(xin)息等(deng)(deng)方式，引導企業(ye)(ye)將工(gong)資分配向關鍵技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)崗位傾斜。大力(li)弘揚工(gong)匠精神(shen)，培(pei)(pei)養(yang)高(gao)(gao)素質建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)人(ren)，到2020年(nian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)中級工(gong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)水平以上的建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)人(ren)數量(liang)達到300萬(wan)，2025年(nian)達到1000萬(wan)。

（十二）改革建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)用(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)制度(du)。推(tui)(tui)動建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)勞(lao)務(wu)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)轉(zhuan)型，大力(li)發展(zhan)木工(gong)(gong)(gong)、電工(gong)(gong)(gong)、砌筑(zhu)、鋼筋(jin)制作等以(yi)作業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)為主(zhu)的(de)專業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。以(yi)專業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)為建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人的(de)主(zhu)要載體，逐(zhu)步實(shi)現(xian)(xian)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人公(gong)司化、專業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化管理。鼓勵(li)現(xian)(xian)有專業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)進一步做(zuo)專做(zuo)精，增強競爭力(li)，推(tui)(tui)動形成一批以(yi)作業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)為主(zhu)的(de)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)專業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。促進建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)民(min)工(gong)(gong)(gong)向(xiang)技(ji)術工(gong)(gong)(gong)人轉(zhuan)型，著力(li)穩定和擴大建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)民(min)工(gong)(gong)(gong)就(jiu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)創業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。建(jian)(jian)立全國建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人管理服(fu)務(wu)信(xin)息(xi)平臺，開展(zhan)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人實(shi)名制管理，記錄建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人的(de)身份信(xin)息(xi)、培訓情況、職業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)能、從業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)記錄等信(xin)息(xi)，逐(zhu)步實(shi)現(xian)(xian)全覆蓋。

（十三）保(bao)護工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)合法權益。全(quan)面落實勞動合同(tong)制度，加大(da)監察力度，督促(cu)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單位(wei)與招用(yong)的(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)依(yi)法簽訂勞動合同(tong)，到(dao)2020年基本實現勞動合同(tong)全(quan)覆蓋。健(jian)(jian)全(quan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資支付保(bao)障制度，按(an)照誰用(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)誰負責(ze)(ze)(ze)和總承包負總責(ze)(ze)(ze)的(de)(de)原(yuan)則，落實企業(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資支付責(ze)(ze)(ze)任(ren)，依(yi)法按(an)月足額(e)發放工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資。將存(cun)在拖欠(qian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資行(xing)為(wei)的(de)(de)企業(ye)列入黑名單，對其(qi)采(cai)取限制市場準入等懲戒措施(shi)(shi)，情節(jie)嚴(yan)重的(de)(de)降低資質等級。建(jian)(jian)立健(jian)(jian)全(quan)與建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)相適應的(de)(de)社(she)會保(bao)險參保(bao)繳費方式(shi)，大(da)力推進建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單位(wei)參加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)傷保(bao)險。施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單位(wei)應履(lv)行(xing)社(she)會責(ze)(ze)(ze)任(ren)，不斷改善建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作環境，提升(sheng)職業(ye)健(jian)(jian)康水平，促(cu)進建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)穩(wen)定就業(ye)。

  七、推進建筑產業現代化

（十四）推(tui)(tui)廣智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)和(he)裝(zhuang)配式(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)。堅持標準化(hua)(hua)(hua)設計、工廠(chang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)生產(chan)、裝(zhuang)配化(hua)(hua)(hua)施工、一體(ti)化(hua)(hua)(hua)裝(zhuang)修、信息化(hua)(hua)(hua)管理(li)、智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)化(hua)(hua)(hua)應(ying)用(yong)，推(tui)(tui)動(dong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)造方(fang)式(shi)創(chuang)新，大力發展裝(zhuang)配式(shi)混凝(ning)土和(he)鋼結(jie)構(gou)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)，在(zai)具備條件的(de)地方(fang)倡導發展現代木結(jie)構(gou)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)，不斷提高裝(zhuang)配式(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)在(zai)新建(jian)(jian)(jian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)中的(de)比例(li)。力爭用(yong)10年(nian)左(zuo)右的(de)時間，使(shi)裝(zhuang)配式(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)占新建(jian)(jian)(jian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)面(mian)積的(de)比例(li)達到30%。在(zai)新建(jian)(jian)(jian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)和(he)既有(you)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)改造中推(tui)(tui)廣普(pu)及智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)化(hua)(hua)(hua)應(ying)用(yong)，完(wan)善智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)化(hua)(hua)(hua)系統(tong)運行(xing)維(wei)護機制，實現建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)舒適安全、節能(neng)(neng)高效。

（十五）提升建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)設(she)(she)計(ji)水(shui)平。建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)設(she)(she)計(ji)應體現地域特征、民族特點和時代風貌，突出建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)使(shi)用功(gong)能(neng)及節能(neng)、節水(shui)、節地、節材和環(huan)保等要求，提供功(gong)能(neng)適(shi)用、經濟合理(li)、安(an)全(quan)可靠、技(ji)術先(xian)進、環(huan)境(jing)協調的(de)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)設(she)(she)計(ji)產品。健全(quan)適(shi)應建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)設(she)(she)計(ji)特點的(de)招標(biao)(biao)投標(biao)(biao)制度(du)，推行設(she)(she)計(ji)團隊招標(biao)(biao)、設(she)(she)計(ji)方(fang)案(an)招標(biao)(biao)等方(fang)式。促進國內外建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)設(she)(she)計(ji)企業公平競爭，培育有(you)國際(ji)競爭力的(de)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)設(she)(she)計(ji)隊伍。倡導開(kai)展建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)評論，促進建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)設(she)(she)計(ji)理(li)念的(de)融合和升華(hua)。

（十六）加強技(ji)(ji)術(shu)研(yan)發應(ying)用(yong)。加快先進(jin)建(jian)造設(she)備、智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)設(she)備的(de)研(yan)發、制造和推(tui)廣(guang)應(ying)用(yong)，提(ti)(ti)升各類施(shi)工(gong)機具的(de)性能(neng)(neng)和效率(lv)(lv)，提(ti)(ti)高(gao)機械化施(shi)工(gong)程(cheng)度。限制和淘汰落(luo)后、危險工(gong)藝工(gong)法，保障生產(chan)施(shi)工(gong)安全(quan)(quan)。積(ji)極支持建(jian)筑業(ye)科研(yan)工(gong)作，大幅提(ti)(ti)高(gao)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)創新對(dui)產(chan)業(ye)發展的(de)貢獻(xian)率(lv)(lv)。加快推(tui)進(jin)建(jian)筑信息模型（BIM）技(ji)(ji)術(shu)在(zai)規劃、勘察、設(she)計(ji)、施(shi)工(gong)和運營維護全(quan)(quan)過程(cheng)的(de)集成應(ying)用(yong)，實現工(gong)程(cheng)建(jian)設(she)項目全(quan)(quan)生命(ming)周期數據共享和信息化管理，為(wei)項目方案優化和科學決(jue)策提(ti)(ti)供依(yi)據，促進(jin)建(jian)筑業(ye)提(ti)(ti)質增效。

（十七(qi)）完(wan)善工(gong)程建設(she)標(biao)準(zhun)。整(zheng)合精簡強(qiang)(qiang)制(zhi)性(xing)標(biao)準(zhun)，適度(du)提(ti)高(gao)安全、質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)、性(xing)能(neng)、健康、節能(neng)等強(qiang)(qiang)制(zhi)性(xing)指標(biao)要求，逐(zhu)步提(ti)高(gao)標(biao)準(zhun)水平。積極培育團體標(biao)準(zhun)，鼓勵(li)具備(bei)相應能(neng)力的(de)行業(ye)協會、產業(ye)聯(lian)盟等主體共同制(zhi)定滿足市場和(he)創(chuang)新需要的(de)標(biao)準(zhun)，建立(li)強(qiang)(qiang)制(zhi)性(xing)標(biao)準(zhun)與團體標(biao)準(zhun)相結合的(de)標(biao)準(zhun)供(gong)給體制(zhi)，增加標(biao)準(zhun)有效供(gong)給。及時(shi)開(kai)展標(biao)準(zhun)復審(shen)，加快標(biao)準(zhun)修訂，提(ti)高(gao)標(biao)準(zhun)的(de)時(shi)效性(xing)。加強(qiang)(qiang)科技研(yan)發與標(biao)準(zhun)制(zhi)定的(de)信息溝通，建立(li)全國工(gong)程建設(she)標(biao)準(zhun)專家委員(yuan)會，為工(gong)程建設(she)標(biao)準(zhun)化工(gong)作提(ti)供(gong)技術支撐，提(ti)高(gao)標(biao)準(zhun)的(de)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)和(he)水平。

  八、加快建筑業企業“走出去”

（十八）加(jia)強中外(wai)標準(zhun)銜接。積(ji)極(ji)(ji)開展(zhan)中外(wai)標準(zhun)對(dui)比研究，適應國(guo)(guo)際通行(xing)的標準(zhun)內容結構(gou)、要素指標和相關術(shu)語，縮小中國(guo)(guo)標準(zhun)與國(guo)(guo)外(wai)先(xian)進標準(zhun)的技(ji)術(shu)差距。加(jia)大(da)中國(guo)(guo)標準(zhun)外(wai)文(wen)版翻譯和宣傳推廣力度，以“一帶一路”戰略為引領，優先(xian)在對(dui)外(wai)投資、技(ji)術(shu)輸(shu)出和援(yuan)建工程項目中推廣應用。積(ji)極(ji)(ji)參(can)加(jia)國(guo)(guo)際標準(zhun)認(ren)證、交流等活(huo)動，開展(zhan)工程技(ji)術(shu)標準(zhun)的雙邊合作(zuo)。到(dao)2025年，實(shi)現工程建設國(guo)(guo)家標準(zhun)全部有外(wai)文(wen)版。

（十九）提高(gao)(gao)(gao)對(dui)(dui)外(wai)承包(bao)能力。統籌協調建(jian)筑業(ye)“走出去”，充分發(fa)揮我國(guo)建(jian)筑業(ye)企(qi)業(ye)在高(gao)(gao)(gao)鐵、公路、電力、港(gang)口、機場、油氣長輸管(guan)道、高(gao)(gao)(gao)層建(jian)筑等工(gong)程(cheng)建(jian)設方面(mian)的比較優勢，有(you)目(mu)標、有(you)重點、有(you)組織地(di)對(dui)(dui)外(wai)承包(bao)工(gong)程(cheng)，參與“一(yi)(yi)帶(dai)一(yi)(yi)路”建(jian)設。建(jian)筑業(ye)企(qi)業(ye)要加(jia)(jia)大對(dui)(dui)國(guo)際(ji)(ji)標準(zhun)的研究(jiu)力度，積(ji)(ji)極(ji)適應國(guo)際(ji)(ji)標準(zhun)，加(jia)(jia)強對(dui)(dui)外(wai)承包(bao)工(gong)程(cheng)質量、履約等方面(mian)管(guan)理，在援外(wai)住房等民(min)生項(xiang)目(mu)中(zhong)發(fa)揮積(ji)(ji)極(ji)作用(yong)。鼓(gu)勵大企(qi)業(ye)帶(dai)動中(zhong)小企(qi)業(ye)、沿(yan)海沿(yan)邊地(di)區(qu)企(qi)業(ye)合作“出海”，積(ji)(ji)極(ji)有(you)序開拓國(guo)際(ji)(ji)市場，避免惡性競爭。引導對(dui)(dui)外(wai)承包(bao)工(gong)程(cheng)企(qi)業(ye)向(xiang)項(xiang)目(mu)融資、設計(ji)咨詢、后續運營(ying)維護管(guan)理等高(gao)(gao)(gao)附加(jia)(jia)值(zhi)的領域(yu)有(you)序拓展。推動企(qi)業(ye)提高(gao)(gao)(gao)屬(shu)地(di)化(hua)經營(ying)水(shui)平，實現與所在國(guo)家和地(di)區(qu)互利共贏(ying)。

（二十(shi)）加(jia)大政(zheng)策(ce)扶(fu)持力度(du)。加(jia)強(qiang)建(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)“走出去”相(xiang)關主管部門間的(de)(de)(de)溝通(tong)協調和信息共(gong)享。到2025年，與大部分“一帶(dai)一路(lu)”沿(yan)線國家和地區簽(qian)訂雙邊工程建(jian)設(she)合作(zuo)備忘(wang)錄(lu)，同時爭取(qu)在(zai)雙邊自(zi)貿(mao)協定中(zhong)納入相(xiang)關內容(rong)，推進建(jian)設(she)領(ling)域(yu)執業(ye)(ye)資格國際互認(ren)。綜合發揮各類金融工具的(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用，重點支持對外經濟合作(zuo)中(zhong)建(jian)筑(zhu)領(ling)域(yu)的(de)(de)(de)重大戰略(lve)項目(mu)。借鑒(jian)國際通(tong)行的(de)(de)(de)項目(mu)融資模式，按照風險可控、商業(ye)(ye)可持續(xu)原則(ze)，加(jia)大對建(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)“走出去”的(de)(de)(de)金融支持力度(du)。

各地區、各部門要高度重視深化建筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)改(gai)革工作，健全工作機制，明確(que)任(ren)務分(fen)工，及時研究解決建筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)改(gai)革發展中的重大問題，完善相(xiang)關(guan)政策，確(que)保按期完成各項改(gai)革任(ren)務。加快推動(dong)修訂(ding)建筑(zhu)法(fa)、招(zhao)標投標法(fa)等法(fa)律，完善相(xiang)關(guan)法(fa)律法(fa)規。充分(fen)發揮協會商會熟悉行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)、貼近企(qi)業(ye)(ye)的優(you)勢(shi)，及時反映企(qi)業(ye)(ye)訴求，反饋政策落(luo)實情況(kuang)，發揮好規范行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)秩序、建立從業(ye)(ye)人員行(xing)(xing)(xing)為準則、促進企(qi)業(ye)(ye)誠信經(jing)營等方面的自律作用。

 

                                                                                                                                 國務院辦公廳

                                                                                                                              2017年2月21日